Research progress on the genome modification technologies of CRISPR-Cas

CRISPRs-Cas is the elucidation of the prokaryotic adaptive immune system and clustered regularly inter spaced short palindromic repeats which protects bacteria and archaea against viruses or conjugative plasmids. The immuni ty system consists of bacteria RNA molecules and versatile multi-domain proteins or protein complexes which may be simi lar to the mechanism of RNA interference. CRISPR-Cas interference machines are utilized to develop into a genome edit ing tools with efficiency, specialization and simplicity. Distinct from TALEN and ZFN, the CRISPR-Cas system has recent ly emerged as a potentially facile and efficient alternative tool. Currently, researches have already modified the genome of cell, IPS, mouse, zebra, fish and plant with this system that show powerful ability to edit gene. The technical principles of CRISPR-Cas system and the latest progress on the application in biological study of CRISPR/Cas system was reviewed, and the development future of the system was discussed