Objective Chinese soybean import dependence has been maintained at a level of more than 80%. It is of great significance to study the effects of new super absorbent materials on soil characteristics of soybean under drought stress for increasing the suitable planting area of soybean and the total yield under the premise of not reducing the planting area of other crops.
Method The moisture and fertilizer contents of soybean-planting soil, water utilization and soybean yield efficiency were studied by using bio-based super absorbent materials, super absorbent polymers(SAP)and corn straw powder materials to treat the soil in different plots.
Result Under experiment conditions, when the application amount of bio-based super absorbent materials was 10 kg, the improvement of soybean growth was the best. Compared with the CK(control group), the moisture content in soybean-planting soil increased by 77.45%, the total nitrogen, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content increased by 88.89%, 68.92%, 92.31% and 45.71%, the soybean yield increased by 61.44%, and the water use and yield efficiency increased by 52.63% and 63.64%, respectively.
Conclusion Both the application of bio-based super absorbent materials and SAP could significantly improve soil drought resistance and water use and yield efficiency, but it was not linear between application quantities and the effects, therefore, the optimal application amount should be measured comprehensively.
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