Research Progress of Gene Recombination Technology in Genetic Engineering Vaccine of Porcine Pseudorabies Virus

Porcine pseudorabies is an acute and highly contagious disease caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection, which can cause disease in pigs of different ages and serious economic losses to the pig industry. One of the main measures to prevent, control and even eradicate porcine pseudorabies is vaccination. It is one of the effective methods to reduce the virulence of PRV or improve the immune protection effect of virus by transforming the key virulence genes of PRV, knocking out the virulence genes or inserting the immune enhancement genes through gene recombination technology, and it is also an important means to develop a safe and efficient genetic engineering vaccine of PRV. The development of porcine PRV genetic engineering vaccine was reviewed from the application of different gene recombination technologies, such as homologous recombination, Cre/loxP site-specific recombination, bacterial artificial chromosome and CRISPR gene editing, with a view to provide references for further study of PRV recombinant vaccine.