Effects of Biological Fertilizers on Angelica sinensis Growth and Soil Enzyme Activity and Microbial Diversity

【Objective】The effects of angelica special biological fertilizer on growth promotion and yield increase of A. sinensis, diversity of soil rhizosphere microbial community and soil enzyme activity were investigated to provide a theoretical basis for the promotion and application of angelica biological fertilizer.【Method】With the A. sinensis from Min county, Gansu Province, China as test material, the pot experiment was conducted with three treatments of control, carrier and biological fertilizer. The rhizosphere soil was collected at harvest of A. sinensis, the urease and phosphatase activities in soil were determined, and the number and diversity of soil microorganisms in the rhizosphere of A. sinensis were investigated by Boilog-MicroPlate and plate dilution counting methods.【Result】Angelica biological fertilizer significantly promoted the diameter and the root growth of A. sinensis. Compared with the control, the diameter and root dry weight of A. sinensis increased by 31.39% and 100.5%, respectively; compared with the carrier treatment, the diameter and root dry weight increased by 19.2% and 56.1%, respectively. Compared with the control, Angelica biological fertilizer significantly increased the number of rhizosphere soil bacteria, fungi and antinomycetes, with the increase by 154%, 21.6% and 34.7%, respectively. The activities of soil urease, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase increased by 46.9%, 19.9% and 43.0%, respectively. Based on the functional diversity of soil microorganisms investigated by Biolog-MicroPlate method, it was found that the AWCD value, the Shannon-Wiener index（H'） and the McIntosh index（U） were increased significantly, and the utilization rates of D-xylose, Glucose-1-phosphate, L-phenylalanine, Glycyl-L-glutamic acid, D,L-α-glycerol, I-erythritol, N-acetylD-glucosamine from single carbon source improved significantly, while the utilization ratio of L-serine, methyl pyruvate, putrescine, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, D-galacturonic acid, itaconic acid, and D-malic acid from 7 carbon sources decreased. 【Conclusion】Angelica biological fertilizer can significantly promote the growth of A. sinensis root, and increase the quantity of soil microorganisms and the activities of soil urease, acid phospatase and alkaline phosphatase.