Study on the Introduction of New Variety of Phyllanthus emblica cv. Baiyuand Its Cultivation Techniques

【Objective】The study was conducted to meet the technical requirements of Phyllanthus emblica fruit production and improve the cultivation level of farmers in Guangdong Province.【Method】Taking a new variety of P. emblica Baiyu as the test subject, and it was introduced by high-grafting and its cultivation techniques were studied in Shanwei. 【Result】Baiyu was well adapted to grow in Shanwei, with an average single fruit weight of 10.36 g, soluble solid and titratable acid contents of 8.7% and 1.03%, and TSS-acid ratio of 8.45. The contents of total sugar, vitamin C and tannin were 58.5 mg/g, 2.77 mg/g and 1.18 mg/g, respectively, and the edible rate was 92.5%. The fruits could keep fresh on the tree and the fruit harvesting could be delayed without affecting the quality. With the key cultivation techniques, a three-year-old tree cultivated by high grafted-bud could achieve a yield of 35.2 kg per plant. The increasing application of bio-organic fertilizer and organic liquid fertilizer on leaf surface could significantly increase the single fruit weight, and the contents of vitamin C and total sugar, while decrease the tannin content. The ways of weeding with plastic mulching, controlling diseases and pest with insecticidal lamp, yellow sticky board and other physical measures, and applying biological pesticide scientifically could decrease the usage of chemical pesticide for 5~7 times in a year.【Conclusion】Using these techniques, the yields of P. emblica Baiyu were 546.0 kg (one-year-old tree), 909.0 kg (two-year-old tree) and 2 112.0 kg (three-year-old tree) per 667 m2, and such variety possesses large single fruit, high sugar and low acid, mild astringency and good commodity quality, which meeting the cultivation goal of early harvest and productive yield with green and high quality.