Suspension Culture and Plant Regeneration of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

【Objective】 The objective was to establish a plant regeneration technology system for the suspension culture of oil palm embryonic somatic cells, and to provide a technical platform and references for the efficient breeding, cell biology research and biotechnology breeding research of the clonal planting materials of excellent oil palm strains. 【Method】 Nodular callus derived from mature oil palm core leaves was used as starting materials for suspension cultures.The effects of different hormone concentrations and their combinations on the proliferation of oil palm suspension cell lines and the development of subsequent somatic embryos were analyzed by using the combination of different concentrations of 2, 4-D, Dicamba and Decoyinine to induce friable embryogenic callus. 【Result】The combinations of Decoyinine (0.1 mg/L) with a certain concentration range of 2,4-D or Dicamba could promote the formation of embryogenic callus. The combination of 0.1 mg/L Decoyinine and 1 mg/L Dicamba showed the best induction effect on friable embryogenic callus, with an induction rate of 28.67%. A suspension cell line with uniform growth state and good dispersion could be established after suspension culture of friable embryogenic callus with vigorous growth and loose texture for 21 days. The combination of 0.3 mg/L Decoyinine and 1 mg/L Dicamba was beneficial to the proliferation of suspension cell lines and the subsequent somatic embryos development. The suspension cells were transferred to embryo induction medium (MS + glutamine 100 mg/L + sucrose 30 g/L), and cultured under 2 000 lx illumination at 28(±2)℃ . The culture medium was replaced every two weeks. After 60 days of culture, embryos with the diameter larger than 1mm were obtained, with a maximum of 295 embryos per flask. Regenerated plants could be obtained by transferring the embryos with the diameter larger than 1mm to solid medium. 【Conclusion】 The combination of appropriate concentration of Decoyinine with 2,4-D or Dicamba could promote the formation of friable embryogenic callus from nodular callus of oil palm core leaves. A suspension cell line with uniform growth state and good dispersity could be established after suspension culture of friable embryogenic callus with vigorous growth and loose texture for 21 days. It was found that the liquid medium containing appropriate concentration of Decoyinine and Dicamba was beneficial to the proliferation of suspension cell line and the development of subsequent somatic embryos.