Abstract: Porcine Deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a member of the δ-coronavirus, a newly discovered coronavirus in 2012 which can infect porcine. Such coronavirus is clinically characterized by diarrhea symptoms in sows and piglets and basically characterized by vomiting, watery diarrhea, dehydration and loss of appetite. The mortality rate of the infected piglets is 30%-40%. The disease outbroke in the United States in 2014. The disease emerged in our country in the same year and has spread to many countries and regions in the following years, which brought huge economic losses to pig industry. At present, a series of test methods have been established for PDCoV infection, test results showed that PDCoV not only infected pigs alone but also mixed with other porcine intestinal coronavirus to infect pigs. However, up to now, there are few researches on the pathogenic mechanism of PDCoV and the understanding of the disease is not comprehensive enough. There is still no effective vaccine for preventing and controlling the emergence of the disease. In this paper, the current research status of PDCoV genome characteristics, protein function, epidemiology, genetic and evolutionary analysis, detection methods and prevention and control measures were summarized so as to provide reference for the study of pathogenic mechanism and clinical research of PDCoV.