Abstract: 【Objective】The study was conducted to avoid the“five harms”restricting the production of mountain rapeseed and improve the comparative benefit of mountain rapeseed.【Method】Comparative experimental study on disaster avoidance and efficient cultivation and traditional cultivation was conducted in the same field. 【Result】The yield per 667 m2 of high-efficiency disaster avoidance cultivation was 156.17 kg ,while that of traditional cultivation was 96.52 kg, with a yield increase of 65.65 kg and an increase rate of 72.53%. The output value of disaster avoidance and efficient cultivation was CNY 833.15, the cost was CNY 538.54 and the net income was CNY 294.61, while the output value of traditional cultivation was CNY 473.57, the cost was CNY 871.51 and the net income was CNY397.94. Compared with traditional cultivation, the cost was reduced by CNY 332.96, the output value was increased by CNY 359.58 and the net income was increased by CNY 652.55. The crude fat content of rapeseed could be increased by 2.87% in disaster avoidance and efficient cultivation, the content of erucic acid decreased by 0.57%, and the content of sulfuric glucoside decreased by 6.24 μmol/g, with a decrease rate of 13.02%.【Conclusion】This technology had remarkable effect in saving cost and improving yield and quality with considerable economic benefit. Therefore, it was suitable to be promoted and applied in Yuxi and even the whole mountainous area of Yunnan.