Abstract: In order to study the cost-benefit of small scale cow-breeding in Hebei，based on the annual data of small scale cow-breeding industry from 2004 to 2013，the cost-benefit of Hebei province with that of other dominant areas was compared. The results showed that the cost of small scale cow-breeding in Hebei increased year by year from 2004 to 2013，fueled by the rising cost of feed，especially concentrate feed. The average total cost of small scale cowbreeding in Hebei was just higher than that of Shandong province，but its average cost profit reached the highest level. In order to further exert the advantages of breeding cows on a small scale in Hebei，we should pay attention to the disease control and prevention of cows as well as improve the technology of cow breeding. What’s more，establishing quality inspection and traceability system for dairy products and improving the formation mechanism of raw milk prices were also necessary.