Abstract: To solve the problems of difficult control of PTO shaft and easy broken of the drive shaft of multifunctional sugarcane cultivator-cum-fertilizer-applicator，the key components of machine including gear box and drive shaft of transmission system were innovatively designed. The reliability and feasibility of the designs were verified through simulation with SolidWorks and analysis on deformation under force of drive shaft with ANSYS. The results of testing on the prototype showed that the angle between the main power shaft and the universal joint could be controlled at -10°≤ a ≤ 10°，fertilizing evenness could reach 90.1%，and stability of trench depth could reach 92.9%. The transmission system was easy to disassemble and maintain，stable in power take off，and met the farming requirements of furrow opening，fertilizing，and hilling.