Abstract: The researches on the main genetic characteristics and related traits of crops induced by spaceflight can effectively guide the corresponding breeding work. In this review, we summarize all kinds of mutant characteristics of crops induced by spaceflight, including the genetic characteristics of cellular structure, chromosomal structure, DNA and genome,and the physiological and biochemical characteristics such as isozyme, as well as the mutant characteristics of the main variable inheritable traits. And on this base, the problems needed to strengthen and improve about the crop spaceflight mutation breeding were put forward.