沙皮犬MC1R基因的克隆与序列分析

Cloning and sequence analysis of MC1R gene in Chinese Shar-pei dog

摘要: 黑素皮质素1型受体（melanocortin 1 receptor，MC1R）基因在哺乳动物中具有调节细胞黑色素形成的作用，被认为是影响犬毛色的重要候选基因。用PCR 技术对沙皮犬MC1R 基因序列进行扩增，获得沙皮犬MC1R 基因序列1333 bp，包含完整的MC1R 基因开放阅读框954 bp，编码317 个氨基酸。该序列与鸡、鼠、犬、人等6 种动物MC1R 基因CDS 序列有70.1%~98.3%的同源，相应氨基酸序列的同源性达61.1%~96.9%。系统发育树分析结果表明，沙皮犬与已报道的黄金猎犬亲缘最近，与鸡的亲缘关系最远。

Abstract: Melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene regulates pigment synthesis in mammals, and therefore it is regarded as an important candidate gene for dog coat color. In this study, the MC1R gene of Chinese Shar-pei dog was obtained by PCR. Results showed that a 1 333 bp fragment of MC1R gene was obtained, which contained a complete open readingfragment (ORF) of 954 base pairs (bp) that encoded a 317 amino acid peptide. The obtained CDS shared 70.1%-98.3% identities with that of chicken, mouse, dog, human, pig and chimpanzee. The encoded dog MC1R shared 61.1%-96.9% identities with the remainders. The phylogenetic tree constructed with MC1R gene showed that the Chinese Shar-pei dog was close to dog, and had the highest genetic distance with chicken.