Abstract: The task of poverty alleviation of rocky desertification contiguous destitute areas is most difficult in China.In practice, agricultural industry plays an important role in poverty alleviation. Based on the theories including the development concept of Amartya Sen, the sustainable development theory, the theory of participatory development, the paper defines the connotation of sustainable development of poverty alleviation mode through agricultural industry, which mainly focuses on the coverage of poverty alleviation, the effects of poverty reduction, the support of policy and the development capacity of poor people. After bringing forward evaluation principles based on applicability, effect, policy and carrier, the paper determines the key issues of evaluation and constructs 10 first -class indexes and 23 second -class indexes. The method of determining the indexes weight is combined by objective method and subjective method.