Abstract: In order to analyze the population variation of fusarium in banana rhizosphere soil collected in different growth cycle of banana, the fusarium was separated by PPA medium and identified by morphology and molecular methods. The results showed that 31 strains of fusarium were separated from rhizosphere soil collected in different growth cycle of banana, and were identified as Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium equiseti, Fusarium proliferatum and Gibberella moniliformis. Along with the growth of banana, the quantity of fusarium species increased first, then decreased. At the end of vegetative growth stage of banana, variation of fusarium species tended to be stable. But at the reproductive stage of banana, due to affected by the pathogen of banana fusarium wilt, the quantity of fusarium species increased greatly.