Abstract: In many plants, dwarf is an excellent agronomic trait. In recent years, a variety of dwarfing genes were identified and cloned, most of which are the genes related to phytohormone, such as gibberellin, auxin, brassinosteroids synthesis and signal transduction related genes, the loss of function or excessive expression could cause plant dwarf phenotype. In addition, the loss of function of some genes related to cell walls, polyamine synthesis, homeotic genes,transcription factors, which were important for plant growth and development, could also cause dwarf phenotype. This paper summarizes the genes associated with plant dwarfing traits and provides a reference for further use of these genes on agronomic traits improvement and dwarfing mechanism research.