Abstract: The paper briefly describes the discipline development process of the basic agronomy, emphatically analyzes the research progress and future development of 9 branches in basic agronomy, including agricultural biotechnology, plant nutrition, irrigation and drainage technology, farming and farming systems, agricultural environmental science, agricultural information science, agricultural storage and processing technology, farm products safety technology,and agricultural resources and regional planning. In the end, the focus of future development of basic agronomy is put forward.