Abstract: The genetic distances among Cyprinus acutidorsalis Wang and other 28 fish species in Cypriniformes were analyzed based on the mitochondrial Cyt b gene, and the phylogenetic tree was further constructed through neighborjoining method. The results revealed that the genetic distance ranged from 0.003 to 0.304 among the 29 species and the average interspecific genetic distance was 0.227. C. acutidorsalis Wang and C. multitaeniata showed the least genetic distance of 0.003, close to the difference levels of the intraspecific genetic distance, which indicated that both of them were genetically close. From an evolutionary point of view, C. acutidorsalis Wang was located in the branch of Cyprinidae, and had close genetic relationship with C. multitaeniata, both of which clustering as sister branches (bp=95) got together with C. carpio (bp=100). This study initially identified the taxonomic status of C. acutidorsalis Wang in Cypriniformes.