Abstract: Longan is an edible fruit, which has been used to nourishing body in traditional Chinese medicine and in the folk, but its material basis and mechanism is not clear for a long time. In recent years, much research has been available on health effects and active components of longan pulp. In this paper, the progresses on the major functions of longan pulp including anti oxidation, immunity, anti-aging, endocrine and nervous regulation bioactivities were reviewed. The extraction and separation methods of the main active substances including phenolic, lipids, polysaccharides, nucleosides and their composition, chemical structure and content were comprehensively combed, to provide basis for the deep processing of longan pulp.