Abstract: In 2012, the global peanut yield decreased slightly, but the peanut planting area and yield achieved five increase in China and peanut yield of Guangdong also edged up 2.63%. Larger callback appeared in the price of peanuts that the callback rate was more than 20%, and the benefit of farmers decreased slightly. The breakthrough development was obtained in biological breeding of peanut, breeding period was from the current 5-6 years to 1-2 years. The contribution rate of scientific and technological progress of peanut industry was 41.70% in Guangdong province in 2012. Finally, this paper put forward suggestions and countermeasures for the sustainable development of peanut industry in Guangdong province.