Abstract: Recent years, the fishery environment and biological habitats of China's coastal are destroyed seriously, the seawater eutrophication is tend to be intensified, and these seriously impacte the balance of marine ecological, restricte the sustainable development of coastal fisheries. According to the study, the main factors caused the seawater eutrophication are nitrogen and phosphorus pollution. As the decomposers of water ecosystems, microorganism could decompose and absorb the eutrophication, drive the nitrogen, phosphorus biogeochemical cycles in the water; microorganism plays an important role in removing contaminants and nutrient cycle. Using microbial technology to recovery eutrophic seawater and combing other technologies are widely used in research and practice袁it could effectively prevent the sea water eutrophication. This paper reviewed the main developments of microbial technology for recovering eutrophic water in domestic and overseas袁aimed to provide reference for purification of eutrophic fishing waters袁marine ecosystem restoration and offshore fisheries development.