Abstract: In order to study the effect of kitchen waste compost on certain soil typical fertility indices, one indoor soil cultivation experiment was carried out by using samples of vegetable garden soil, paddy soil and upland soil. The findings in this study would provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the kitchen waste resourceful handling and comprehensive utilization. The main results showed that there were different reactions among different types of soil under consideration with kitchen waste compost, chemical fertilizer and control treatment; After 30-day incubation, soil alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen contents could be increased with kitchen waste compost, while those with blank and chemical fertilizer treatments changed little. The further calculating results shown that available nitrogen release equivalents with kitchen waste compost in the garden soil, paddy soil and upland soil were 0.646, 0.546, and 0.475,respectively. Besides, food waste compost significantly increase the soil soluble sodium contents in the incubation experimental conditions under consideration, which would cause potential harm to soil physical and chemical properties, which should be studied further.