Abstract: Based on the theory of limited rationality economic man, this paper took the adoption of farmers to household biogas technology as an example, empirically analyzed the decision making process of famers under uncertainty, and discussed the influential factors of farmers'technology adoption behavior. The results showed that farmers'willingness choice and actual choice of technology had a high level of consistency, and the actual choice was effected both by the desire, household endowments and decision -making environment. At the present stage, to change agriculture technology popularization mode and improve the constraint condition of farmers'related resources, would be an important way to promote the popularization of agricultural technology in China.