Abstract: In this article, different factors that infect the production of microorganism during the phase of fermentation optimization were discussed, including the influence of using diverse carbon source, nitrogen source and mineral salt in the medium, and different fermentation conditions such as temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen and innoculation quantity. We summarized the fermentation optimization methods used at home and abroad during these years, and indicated that rational use of fermentation optimization can effectively improve the efficiency and promote the industry application.