Objective This study aims to provide a reference for selecting suitable rapesed varieties for the "rice-rice-rapeseed" triple-cropping system in Guangdong and to promote the development of local rapeseed industry.

Method A field experiment was conducted in the winter fallow fields of Changyaoling Experimental Base of Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences. 25 Brassica napus varieties were used as test materials, and their growth duration, yield and quality traits durations were investigated.

Result The growth period of the tested varieties ranged from 134 to 174 days. The average durations from sowing to initial flowering, initial flowering to final flowering, and final flowering to maturity were 94.4, 37.7 and 28.9 days, respectively. Six varieties met the crop rotation requirements for winter rapeseed cultivation in suitable regions of Guangdong Province. Significant differences in yield components and quality were observed among varieties. The average number of effective pods per plant was 122.6 (ranging from 55.0 to 253.1), the average number of seeds per pod was 19.2 (ranging from 14.4 to 23.7), the average thousand-grain weight was 3.2 g (ranging from 2.6 to 3.8 g), the average theoretical yield was 1 472.81 kg/hm² (ranging from 255.1 to 3 043.1 kg/hm²), and the average oil content was 45.91% (ranging from 38.98% to 51.59%).

Conclusion Based on the comprehensive evaluation indicators of reasonable stubble succession and high yield, 'Youyanzao 1', 'Qianyouzao 6', 'Xiangyou 420' and 'Dadi 95' performed well in this experiment and can be recommended as candidate early-maturing varieties suitable for the "rice-rice-rapeseed" triple-cropping system in Guangdong.