Abstract: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are functional non-coding RNA molecules that are at least 200 nucleotides in length and lack significant coding ability, having important regulation effects on plant growth and development and response to stress. Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) belongs to the Brassica vegetable crop and is one of the vegetable crops with the largest planting area in China. Chinese cabbage hybrids exhibit significant hybrid vigor. In the hybrid state, the gene expression regulatory network undergoes alterations that stimulate new regulatory mechanisms, resulting in variations in gene expression levels. These changes subsequently affect various physiological and biochemical reactions, ultimately leading to modifications in traits and the emergence of a dominant phenotype. As a type of non-coding regulatory RNA, lncRNAs can directly regulate gene expression through both cis-acting and trans-acting mechanisms, or indirectly regulate gene expression as either precursors or targets of miRNAs, which contributes to differential gene expression. Consequently, lncRNAs may play a crucial regulatory role in the heterosis formation of Chinese cabbage hybrids. With the continuous development of highthroughput sequencing technology and the publication of reference genome data related to Brassica, the types, number and functions of Chinese cabbage lncRNAs have been continuously explored. The studies find that there are five types of lncRNAs in Chinese cabbage: intergenic lncRNAs, intron lncRNAs, sense lncRNAs, antisense lncRNAs and bidirectional lncRNAs, of which the number of intergenic lncRNAs is the largest. lncRNAs can regulate the vernalization and pollen development in Chinese cabbage. In addition, lncRNAs can also regulate Chinese cabbage's response to biotic and abiotic stresses, such as downy mildew, fusarium oxysporum, and high temperature. This paper summarizes the source, classification and ways that regulate the expression of protein-encoding genes in plant lncRNAs, as well as the types, number and biological functions of lncRNAs identified in Chinese cabbage, providing important references for studying the biological functions of lncRNAs in regulating the growth, development and genetic regulation of Chinese cabbage.