Abstract:
Objective Aroma is one of the important quality traits of rice, which directly affects consumers' evaluation on cooking and eating quality of rice. The selection of aromatic rice resources and the identification and utilization of aroma genes has practical significance for the genetic breeding and the development of aromatic rice. The aroma gene, Badh2, is a major gene that has been cloned to control the aroma of rice. Clarifying the distribution and utilization frequency of different alleles of Badh2 in main aromatic rice varieties planted in South China will better serve the breeding practice of aromatic rice in this area.
Method Genotypic analysis was conducted on Badh2 in 30 rice cultivars collected from different areas in South China with the KASP functional molecular marker. The aroma of all the cultivars were tested with different evaluation methods including chewing method, KOH soaking method and HS-SPME/GC-MS. Meanwhile, the aroma ancestries of the above aromatic rice cultivars were traced, and their genetic backgrounds of aroma origins were analysed.
Result KASP molecular markers could accurately genotype the aroma gene Badh2. The Badh2 allele variations of 30 aromatic rice varieties planted in South China were all Badh2-E7 type. The results of the aroma test showed that all Badh2-E7 type varieties possessed aroma. The aroma source parent tracing analysis of the aromatic rice varieties revealed that the aroma source parents of aromatic rice varieties were relatively simple and mainly included Xiangyaxiangzhan, Basmati 370, and etc. Xiangyaxiangzhan accounted for about 30% of the aroma source parents, and Basmati 370 accounted for about 13% of the aroma source parents.
Conclusion Large scale and rapid identification of aromatic rice can be achieved through KASP genotyping technology. The Badh2 alleles of 30 aromatic rice varieties collected in South China are all the genotype of Badh2-E7, and the simplicity of the genetic background of the aroma gene may result from the single source of the aroma parent. In future aromatic rice breeding, new aroma genes can be introduced to enrich the genetic background of rice aroma.
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