延薯4号马铃薯对氮素的生理生化响应及转录组分析

张云; 赵艳菲; 王雅平; 牟彬; 张嘉越; 马浩然; 韩玉珠

doi:10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2021.02.008

延薯4号马铃薯对氮素的生理生化响应及转录组分析

Physiological and Biochemical Response to Nitrogen and Transcriptome Analysis in Yanshu No. 4 Potato

摘要

摘要:
目的研究不同氮浓度处理对马铃薯的生理生化响应以及对氮代谢相关基因的挖掘，明确马铃薯受氮素影响的关键时期以及此时期氮代谢基因的表达差异。
方法以“延薯4号”马铃薯为试材，设置施氮与未施氮处理，采用盆栽种植的方式研究马铃薯氮效率、生理生化差异以及生长发育关键时期，并且对马铃薯现蕾期的叶和根进行转录组测序分析，获得氮代谢差异表达基因。
结果施氮处理显著增加了马铃薯氮效率、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量、根系活力、硝酸还原酶活性、谷氨酰胺合成酶活性，同时现蕾期为马铃薯生长发育关键时期；施氮的叶和根中共有12 996个DEGs，其中6 440个上调，6 556个下调，GO富集于11个生物过程，17个细胞成分和2个分子功能，在氮代谢途径中共有15个DEGs，8个上调，7个下调；未施氮的叶和根中共有12 178个DEGs，其中6 268个上调，5 910个下调，GO富集于7个生物过程，21个细胞成分和2个分子功能，在氮代谢途径中共有19个DEGs，8个上调，11个下调；氮代谢途径鉴定了编码9种基因的19个DEGs，7个DEGs（PGSC0003DMG400016996，PGSC0003DMG400006913，PGSC0003DMG400030212，PGSC0003DMG400025823，PGSC0003DMG400016001，PGSC0003DMG400004355，PGSC0003DMG400009698）在叶片中的表达量较高，同时有7个DEGs（PGSC0003DMG400015734，PGSC0003DMG400001145，PGSC0003DMG400008262，PGSC0003DMG400008356，PGSC0003DMG400014592，PGSC0003DMG400013235，Novel02273）在根中的表达量较高。
结论 NRT2.4、NRT2.5、NRT2.7、NR、NiR基因主要参与马铃薯氮素吸收功能，GdH、GS、GOGAT基因主要参与马铃薯氮素利用功能。

Abstract:
Objective The study was conducted to discuss the physiological and biochemical responses of potato treated with different nitrogen concentrations and explore the genes related to nitrogen metabolism, and identify the key period when potato was affected by nitrogen and the expression differences of nitrogen metabolism genes during this period.
Method Taking Yanshu No. 4 potato as the test material, the nitrogen efficiency, physiological and biochemical differences as well as the key growth and development period of potato were studied by pot planting under nitrogen and non-nitrogen treatments. In addition, transcriptome sequencing was performed on leaves and roots of potato at bud stage to obtain differentially expressed genes of nitrogen metabolism.
Result Nitrogen treatment significantly increased potato nitrogen efficiency, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content, root activity, nitrate reductase activity and glutamine synthase activity. Meanwhile, the bud stage was a key period of potato growth and development. There were a total of 12 996 DEGs including 6 440 up-regulated and 6 556 down-regulated in leaves and roots treated with nitrogen. GO was enriched in 11 biological processes, 17 cell components and 2 molecular functions, and there were 15 DEGs including 8 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated in nitrogen metabolism pathways. There were a total of 12 178 DEGs in leaves and roots without nitrogen application, including 6 268 were up-regulated and 5 910 were down-regulated. GO was enriched in 7 biological processes, 21 cell components and 2 molecular functions, and there were 19 DEGs including 8 up-regulated and 11 down-regulated in nitrogen metabolism pathways. The nitrogen metabolism pathway identified 19 DEGs encoding 9 genes, in which 7 DEGs (PGSC0003DMG400016996, PGSC0003DMG400006913, PGSC0003DMG400030212, PGSC0003DMG400025823, PGSC0003DMG400016001, PGSC0003DMG400004355, PGSC0003DMG400009698)had high expression in leaves, meanwhile, the other 7 DEGs(PGSC0003DMG400015734, PGSC0003DMG400001145, PGSC0003DMG400008262, PGSC0003DMG400008356, PGSC0003DMG400014592, PGSC0003DMG400013235, Novel02273)had high expression in roots.
Conclusion NRT2.4, NRT2.5, NRT2.7, NR and NiR genes are mainly involved in nitrogen absorption function of potato, while GdH, GS and GOGAT genes are mainly involved in nitrogen utilization function of potato.

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