昆虫病原真菌基因组学及多组学研究进展

    Research Progress in Genomics and Multi-omics of Entomopathogenic Fungi

    • 摘要: 昆虫病原真菌是重要的生物防治资源, 利用昆虫病原真菌防治农业害虫具有不易产生抗性、易造成昆虫病害流行、生态安全环保等优势, 推广应用昆虫病原真菌控制害虫是今后生态农业的发展趋势。现代测序技术的飞速发展促进了真菌基因组学的研究, 在全基因组测序、系统发育基因组学、比较基因组学以及多组学(转录组学、蛋白组学、代谢组学)联合分析等研究领域取得显著成果。文章就昆虫病原真菌白僵菌、绿僵菌、冬虫夏草菌、蛹虫草菌等基因组学的最新研究进展, 结合本团队的研究工作进行综述, 涉及利用基因组学及多组学联合揭示昆虫病原真菌的种内或物种间的进化、寄主范围改变、侵染过程效应蛋白鉴定、真菌代谢产物合成, 以及真菌侵染机制、昆虫免疫机制、真菌- 昆虫互作机制等方面, 并探讨昆虫病原真菌基因组学研究的未来发展方向, 为今后农业害虫生物控制的应用提供科学依据。

       

      Abstract: Entomopathogenic fungi are important biocontrol resources. The entomopathogenic fungi are used to control agricultural pests, which has the advantages of not easy to produe resistance, but easy to cause epidemics of insect diseases, ecological safety and environmental protection, etc. The promotion and application of entomopathogenic fungi to control pests is a development trend of ecological agriculture in the future. The rapid development of contemporary sequencing technology has promoted the research of fungal genomics, and has achieved significant results in the research fields such as whole-genome sequencing, phylogenetic genomics, comparative genomics, and multi-omics including transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics analysis. This article reviews the latest genomics studies on the entomopathogenic fungi such as Beauveria spp., Metarhizium spp., Ophiocordyceps sinensis, Cordyceps militaris etc., combined with the research work of our team to make a summary, involving the use of genomics and multi-omics to jointly reveal the intra- and inter-species evolution of entomopathogenic fungi, changes in host range, identification of effector proteins during infection, synthesis of fungal metabolites, fungal infection mechanism, insect immune mechanism, and fungal-insect interaction mechanism, etc., and explores the future development of entomopathogenic fungi genomics, which will provide scientific basis for future biological control applications.

       

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