黄羽肉鸡营养与饲料研究进展

    Research Progress in Nutrition and Feed of Yellow-feathered Broiler Chickens

    • 摘要: 黄羽肉鸡在我国肉鸡产业乃至整个畜禽行业发展中具有举足轻重的地位。结合众多已有的黄羽肉鸡能量需要量研究数据分析得到的快速型、中速型和慢速型黄羽肉鸡氮校正代谢能需要量参数。分类型、分阶段综述了黄羽肉鸡粗蛋白质、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、钙、非植酸磷、钠、氯、微量矿物元素和维生素的营养需要量研究,提供了可参考应用的肉鸡氨基酸平衡模式。涉及的绝大多数营养需要参数已编制录入最新制定的农业行业标准《黄羽肉鸡营养需要量》(NY/T 3645-2020)中,为实现黄羽肉鸡精准营养提供参考借鉴。综述了黄羽肉鸡肉品质营养调控研究,主要涉及维生素、矿物元素等营养素和大豆异黄酮等非营养性功能添加剂对黄羽肉鸡肉质的调控作用。在黄羽肉鸡非常规饲料资源利用方面,主要综述了小麦、米糠等非常规能量饲料,棉籽粕、菜籽粕、玉米DDGS等非常规蛋白饲料,以及桑叶粉、辣木叶、发酵树叶等其他非常规饲料资源在黄羽肉鸡中的应用研究,这些将为实现黄羽肉鸡产业健康可持续发展提供参考。

       

      Abstract: Yellow-feathered broiler chickens play an important role in the development of chicken industry even the whole livestock and poultry industry in China. Nitrogen-corrected metabolizable energy requirement parameters of rapidly, mediumly and slowly growing yellow-feathered broiler chickens were reviewed. Combined with many collecting data of studies on energy requirements of yellow-feathered broiler chicken. Researches on crude protein, lysine, methionine, calcium, non-phytate phosphorus, sodium, chlorine, trace mineral elements and vitamin requirement of different types of yellow-feathered broiler chickens with different growth phases were reviewed. The suggested amino acid balance mode was presented. Most nutritional requirement parameters were compiled into agricultural industry standard Nutrient Requirements of Yellow-feathered Broiler Chickens (NY/T 3645-2020), providing references for precise nutrition of yellow-feathered broiler chickens. Meanwhile, researches on meat quality regulation of yellow-feathered broiler chickens were summarized, mainly including the regulation of meat quality by nutrients such as vitamins and minerals, and non-nutritional additives like soy isoflavone. In terms of utilization of unconventional feed resources of yellow-feathered broiler chickens, studies on the application of unconventional energy feeds such as wheat and rice bran, unconventional protein feeds such as cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal and corn DDGS, and other unconventional feed resources such as mulberry leaf powder, moringa oleifera leaf and fermented leaves in yellow-feathered broiler chickens were also summarized, which provided references for the healthy and sustainable development of yellow-feathered broiler chicken industry.

       

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