Abstract: Wax gourd is one of the most important vegetable crops in China. It is an ideal raw material for modern agricultural products processing and an important vegetable crop for the regulation of the balanced supply in the market. With the artificial selection of varieties by breeders and the promotion of commercial varieties, the diversity of genetic background of wax ground has gradually decreased. Therefore, strengthening the protection of the existing wax gourd germplasm resources, combined with the rapid development of genomics, high-throughput genotyping, gene editing and other technologies, to cultivate high-quality and disease-resistant wax gourd has become a development trend. Focusing on the key issues and research status of the wax gourd industry, the evaluation and innovation of wax gourd germplasm resources, the construction of the genomics of wax gourd to carry out genetic location assisted breeding, the clarification of highquality and disease-resistante molecular mechanism of wax gourd by molecular biology, and the implementation of efficient cultivation measures were mainly summarized , aiming to provide references for cultivating new disease-resistant wax gourd varieties with rich nutrients and strong flavor.