Abstract: 【Objective】The study was conducted to understand the genetic basis of Yuetang series of sugarcane varieties and provide references for selecting parents and making cross combinations in future sugarcane breeding.【Method】The genetic relationship of 18 Yuetang series of sugarcane varieties cultured in recent years were analyzed. The parentage of the tested sugarcane varieties were analyzed by generations and the pedigree diagram was drawn.【Result】A total of 18 parent varieties（lines）were used for the bred of the 18 tested sugarcane varieties. The most frequently used parent varieties（lines）were CP72-1210, Yuetang 93-159 and Yuenong 73-204. Among the 18 tested sugarcane varieties, a total of 13 varieties were bred from these parent varieties, accounting for 72.22% of the total number of the tested varieties. The source of cytoplasm for all varieties was from Bandjarmasin hitam. The basal germplasm was from 21 species including 11 of Saccharum offi cinarum, 3 of S. spontaneum, 2 of S. barberry, 3 of S. sinensis, 1 of S. robustum and Sorghum bicolor（L.）Moench. All of the sugarcane varieties were developed based on the introduced varieties, and they could be traced back to POJ2878 or its sib variety POJ2725, F134, F108, CP49-50 and Co290. Therefore, the genetic basis was still a very serious problem.【Conclusion】In order to broaden genetic basis of current cultivars, parents with farther genetic relationship should be chosen to make cross combinations, and modern biotechnology breeding methods be used to breed new fine varieties.