柑桔砂皮病菌鉴定及室内药剂筛选试验

    Pathogenic Identification of Citrus Melanose andIndoor Screening of Fungicides

    • 摘要: 【目的】近年来,柑橘砂皮病在柑橘种植区中发生普遍,对柑橘产业造成了较大影响,筛选出对柑橘砂皮病菌抑菌效果好的新型药剂,为田间防治柑橘砂皮病时选择更多轮换药剂提供参考。【方法】采集广西柑橘砂皮病果标样进行病原分离,结合形态特征观察和rDNA-ITS序列分析鉴定病原;通过菌丝生长抑制法测定了21种药剂对柑橘砂皮病菌的抑制作用,从中选择抑菌效果好的药剂,测定其对柑橘砂皮病菌的毒力。【结果】从病果上分离获得3株具有柑橘间座壳形态特征的菌株,其rDNA-ITS序列与GenBank中柑橘间座壳的同源性达99%,鉴定广西当地柑橘砂皮病菌为柑橘间座壳;从21种药剂中筛选出吡唑醚菌酯·壬菌铜、氟环唑·噻呋酰胺、喹啉铜·吡唑醚菌酯、氟环唑·吡唑醚菌酯和啶氧菌酯进行毒力测定, EC50分别为0.106、0.814、0.064、0.053、0.056 μg/mL,其中氟环唑·吡唑醚菌酯的毒力最高。【结论】吡唑醚菌酯·壬菌铜、氟环唑·噻呋酰胺、喹啉铜·吡唑醚菌酯、氟环唑·吡唑醚菌酯和啶氧菌酯对柑橘砂皮病菌均具有较强的抑菌作用。

       

      Abstract: 【Objective】In recent years, citrus melanose has been widespread in citrus planting areas, which has a great impact on the citrus production. This paper aims to screen out new fungicides with strong antifungal effect on the pathogen of citrus melanose, which can provide a reference for selecting more rotating fungicides to control the disease in the field.【Method】The pathogen was isolated from symptomatic citrus fruits collected in Guangxi and identified based on the morphological characteristics and rDNA-ITS sequence analysis. Antifungal effects of 21 fungicides on the pathogen were tested by mycelial growth inhibition method, and fungicides with good effects were selected to determine their toxicity to the pathogen.【Result】Three strains with morphological characteristics of Diaporthe citri were isolated from the diseased fruits, and the homology of rDNA-ITS sequence of the strain and that of D. citri in GenBank was 99%, therefore, the pathogen of citrus melanose in Guangxi was identified as D. citri, Pyraclostrobin·cuppric nonyl phenolsulfonate, epoxiconazole·thifluzamide, copper quinolate·pyraclostrobin, epoxiconazole·pyraclostrobin and picoxystrobin were selected from 21 kinds of fungicides for toxicity test. The EC50 values of five fungicides were 0.106 μg/mL, 0.814 μg/mL, 0.064 μg/mL, 0.053 μg/mL and 0.056 μg/mL, respectively, and fepoxiconazole·pyraclostrobin had the highesttoxicity to D. citri. 【Conclusion】Pyraclostrobin·cuppric nonyl phenolsulfonate, epoxiconazole·thifluzamide, copper quinolate·pyraclostrobin, epoxiconazole·pyraclostrobin and picoxystrobin had strong inhibitory effect on D. citri.

       

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