粤东地区柑橘园土壤养分调查分析

    Investigation and Analysis on Soil Nutrients in Citrus Orchards in Eastern Guangdong Province

    • 摘要: 【目的】摸清粤东地区柑橘园土壤性质现状,为合理施肥和养分调控提供科学依据。【方法】采集粤东普宁和饶平市柑橘主产区 28 个代表性柑橘园 0~30 cm 土壤样品进行 pH 和养分测定分析。【结果】粤东地区柑橘园土壤 pH 介于 3.21~6.01,平均值为 4.72,偏酸土壤占 60.71%;土壤有机质平均含量为 16.82 g/kg,高于 15.0 g/kg 的占 78.57%,基本适宜柑橘生长,但有机质含量丰富(> 30.0 g/kg)的柑橘园比例为 0;碱解氮和交换性钙缺乏的柑橘园分别占 53.57% 和 50.00%,有效镁、有效硼缺乏比较严重,缺乏和极缺乏的比例分别达 57.14%、21.43% 和 32.14%、67.86%;而有效磷、有效钾、有效铁、有效铜普遍过高,过量的比例依次为78.57%、78.58%、96.43% 和 89.29%。【结论】粤东地区柑橘园土壤普遍偏酸性,土壤养分不平衡,不同养分的丰缺状况差别很大;应适当控制磷、钾肥和含铜杀菌剂的使用,并加强钙、镁、硼肥以及有机肥的施用;土壤偏酸性的柑橘园应用石灰进行土壤调理,同时可减少土壤过量的铁。

       

      Abstract: 【Objective】This study is to find out the soil nutrients status in citrus orchards in eastern Guangdong Province and to provide scientific basis for balanced fertilization and nutrient regulation.【Method】Top soil (0-30 cm) samples were collected from 28 citrus orchards in Puning City and Raoping City of eastern Guangdong Province, and pH, soil organic matter (SOM) content and available nutrient contents were measured.【Result】The soil pH was between 3.21 and 6.01, with the average value of 4.72, and 60.71% samples were acid soil. The average content of SOM was 16.82 g/kg, the contents of 78.57% samples were in the abundant level, which were high than 15.0 g/kg and suitable for citrus growth, but none was rich in SOM ( > 30.0 g/kg). The deficiency ratios of alkaline nitrogen and exchangeable calcium were 53.57% and 50.00%, respectively. Especially, the deficiency of exchangeable magnesium and available boron was serious, and the deficient and extremely deficient ratios reached 57.14%, 21.43%, and 32.14%, 67.86%, respectively. However, the situation of soil nutrient contents lack such as available phosphorus, potassium, iron and copper was common, and their excessive percentages were 78.57%, 78.58%, 96.43% and 89.29%, respectively. 【Conclusion】Most of citrus orchard soils in easternGuangdong Province were acidic, soil nutrients were imbalanced and the abundance of different nutrients were quite different. The application of phosphorus, potassium fertilizers and fungicides containing copper should be controlled rationally, More calcium, magnesium, boron and organic fertilizers should be used, and the application of lime for acid soil in the citrus orchards contributes to improving soil nutrition and reducing the excess of iron.

       

    /

    返回文章
    返回