Abstract: Natural rubber is an indispensable resource of national defense strategy and plays an irreplaceable role in the national welfare and the people's livelihood. Phenology can directly reflect the characteristics of crops. People can determine the agricultural time arrangements of rubber tapping, fertilization, seedling raising, seed collection and pest control according to the phenology. Leaf phenology is an important aspect of rubber tree phenology, and is also a hot spot of rubber tree phenology research. However, research on para rubber phenology is not sufficient since the research in the phenology of para rubber tree is relatively new in China. This paper classified the phenology period of para rubber leaves, introduced the observation methods of the phenology, and summarized the study of rubber tree phenology related to fertilization, seedling raising, rubber tapping, physiology and biochemistry and stress resistance. The results showed that the root growth speed, the survival rate of budding grafting and the survival rate of root grafting of para rubber tree were related to the phenology of leaf. Rubber tapping was not available from defoliation to germination. the metabolic regulation and energy transformation of plants were vigorous in sprouting stage, and poor stress resistance were found in bronze period and pale green period. Finally, the research direction of phenology of para rubber tree was prospected.