Abstract: 【Objective】Rice dwarf disease is a kind of common viral disease, which causes serious threats to rice production. Rice dwarf virus (RDV) is the pathogeny and the spread of the disease is mainly rely on Nephotettix cincticeps (Uhler) in a persistent-propagative manner. The exploration on the effects of RDV on the vector insect green rice leafhopper can provide basis for the population control of N. cincticeps and the sustainable control of rice dwarf disease.【Method】Two treatments(non-infected and RDV-infected) were set at 27℃ in laboratory, the growth and population increase of N.cincticeps were observed and the life tables of experimental populations were constructed.【Result】The results showed that the nymph survival, fresh body weight per male/female adult of N.cincticeps fed on RDV-infected rice plants did not significantly differ from those on healthy plants, longevity and fecundity of female adult were slightly longer/higher, and the population number of adults was significantly increased, whereas the growth period of male/female nymph and longevity of male adult was decreased obviously. Also, the net reproductive rate (R0) significantly increased among the five life table parameters. 【Conclusion】RDV-infected rice plants has positive indirect effects on N.cincticeps and RDV is beneficial to the population increase of N.cincticeps