Abstract: Abiotic stress has an important effect on the normal growth of crops. The conformation of cellular proteins can be altered by abiotic stress, which causes the aggregation of non-natural protein and the destruction of cell membrane structure. Heat shock proteins are responsible for the folding, assembly, transport and degradation of protein, assist the protein refolding under stress conditions and restore cell homeostasis by reconstructing normal protein conformation. Hsps can participate in other stress response mechanisms and play an important role in protecting plants from abiotic stress.The functions of various Hsps in plant abiotic stress response were summarized in this paper. The involvement of Hsps in other stress response mechanisms and the role of Hsps in other stress response mechanisms were described. And the problems existing in the research of Hsps were discussed and proposed, which provided a theoretical basis for the selection of stress-resistant genes in crop molecular breeding.