Abstract: Applying inductive reasoning，the paper analyzes the change after agriculture upgrading extensively， according to risk management theory，starting from three elements of risk：“risk factor”-“risk accident”-“lose”. The results show that agriculture after upgrading would face more risk factors，that more risks are concentrated on some subjects，that risk-bearing subjects are more conscious and capable to transfer risk，that the chain reaction to agriculture risks is more severe，and that the loss isn’t limited to materialized costs. Agricultural insurance in Guangdong Province has been developing rapidly. However，some problems that agricultural insurance can’ t keep up with agriculture upgrading still exist，such as small variety of coverage，low insurance amount and simple underwriting and claiming mode. Agricultural insurance should follow the development of agriculture，that is， matching agriculture upgrading，so as to guard agriculture. In detail，new agricultural management subjects should be insured；the relationship among the subjects should be paid attention to；technology risk，market risk and others should be covered；quantity insurance，income insurance and others should be available；risk management service should be provided and insurance should be combined with other means.