Abstract: For the scientific assessment of the effect of fiscal agriculture in the provincial level，taking Jiangxi Province，a large agricultural province of China，as an example，the DEA model was used to comprehensively evaluate the provincial-level fiscal agriculture efficiency from the two dimensions of provincial and municipal levels based on the data of 2010-2015. The macroscopic results showed that: Jiangxi has some advantages in the financial agriculture effect，and the promotion space is also larger. The microscopic results show that: the overall efficiency of the provincial financial agriculture is 0.891，the average value of financial support to agriculture in each city is above 0.85 in addition to 2013 years，and the level of agricultural efficiency is higher，but there is a fluctuation trend of decline and rebound. There is a big gap between the provincesthat the overall technical efficiency of the highest and the lowest value of the difference is up to 0.513. In order to promote the financial performance of agriculture in Jiangxi Province，it is proposed that the provincial level should continue to strengthen the financial support for agriculture，expand the scaleand strengthen the management.In order to improve the economic benefits，social and ecological benefits of agriculture supporting policies，it should be improved according to the local conditions， financial characteristics ，the different defects of the technical efficiency and scale efficiency.