Abstract: In order to understand the distribution and diversity of butterfly species in Longgong area，Anshun Guizhou survey was carried out in Longgong area by using net catching method and trapping method. The butterfly specimens were collected and belonged to 11 families and 58 genera and 87 species. The diversity index of butterfly was 5.9105 in Longgong area，the species was rich，the evenness index was 0.9174，and the dominance index was 0.0495. Among the four habitat types，the butterfly diversity index was hillside> valley> beach> field，uniformity index was beach> hillside> valley> field，dominance index was field> hillside> river beach> valley. In the five months，the diversity index o butterfly species was July> May> September> March> November，the uniformity was March> September> May> July> November，dominance was November> March> September> July> May. Protection of butterfly resources in Longgong area，has a certain ecological significance.