Abstract: With the rapid application and development of transgenic technology in agriculture，the categories and quantities of transgenic products progressively increased，the safety of genetically modified organisms（ GMOs） has attracted more and more extensive concern of the public. Accordingly，it is very urgently needed constant innovation and development for the transgenic detection technique systems. The article briefly reviewed the common detection technology and method of GMO，especially the un-authorized GMO both in China and abroad，the existing primary detection technology and method of GMO mainly based on detection of exogenous protein and nucleic acid， such as ELISA，PCR，isothermal amplification technology and so on，there were also a number of new technologies such as fingerprint identification，microarray，high-throughput sequencing. The paper may have some inspiration to the safety management of genetically modified organisms in our country.