Abstract: We studied the effects of complex microbial inoculums with different mixture ratio of microorganisms on river sediment composting，to select better formula of microbial strains. The experiment was conducted through adding different proportions of microbial inoculants to river sediment during composting，and the composting temperature，moisture content，pH，conductivity，dissolved organic carbon（ DOC），dissolved organic nitrogen（ DON） were analyzed. The best proportion of the complex microbial inoculums was found（ Bacillus stearothermophilus∶B. subtilis∶B. lincheniformis∶B. megaterium = 2∶1∶1∶1），this proportion of the complex significantly accelerated sediment composting，the compost reached the highest temperature（ 63.3 ℃） within 2 days，revealing that adding extra complex microbial inoculums could accelerate the composting process. Taking sediment as composting materials provided a rapidly warming process of composting，showing good prospects for reutilization of river sediment to be composting.