Abstract: In order to compare the diversity of plant communities in the restored rare earth mine area，we selected five plant sample plots with different environment，at Renju town，Pingyuan County，Guangdong Province and then chose five quadrats in each plot，as follows: sample plot 1 with a sunny exposure and away from water，sample plot 2 with a sunny exposure and close to water，sample plot 3 with a leeward slope，sample plot 4 with a shadow near the water，sample plot 5 was a plot in the center of the mine，then investigated the plant community structure and analyzed the diversity of plants species in each plot. The results found that，there were 12 species， subordinated to 9 families，11 generas in the restoration region，Miscanthus sinensis was the dominant in every plot，especially in the sample plot 1，the number of M. sinensis reached 420，the relative coverage degrees was 11.43%，relative density was 89.55%，relative frequency was 100% and important value was 0.67. By comparing the plant diversity in different sample plots，we found that sample plot 2 had the highest diversity， its Pielou index and Shannon-Wiener index were 0.42 and 0.89. The comparison of plots’similarity showed that the similarity（0.77） of plot 1 and plot 2 were the highest，that of plot 1 and 4，plot 3 and 5 were the lowest（0.22）. Venn diagram analysis showed that M. sinensis was the common and dominant species in the restored rare earth mine area. The results indicated that，M. sinensis was the dominant species in the rare earth mine，light and water had great influences on the plant number and species diversity .