Abstract: The research on the spatial-temporal characteristics of agricultural industry can provide a scientific basis for promoting the“ Four Overall” strategic layout in Sichuan province in harmony，and has great significance on the agricultural structure adjustment and poverty alleviation in the National Accurate Core Poverty-Alleviation Area. This paper highlighted the quantitative analysis on agricultural characteristics of Guangyuan city，and then further discussed its influence factors by PCA method. The results showed that，the proportion of agricultural output in the total output value of Guangyuan dropped gradually，the three-industry structure was optimized continuously，and the agriculture occupied a large proportion in view of the national and provincial standard；however，the development of three-industry structure was still unreasonable. Guangyuan city and its districts and counties had little similarity but much complementarity in the agricultural structure，so the agricultural structure had great potential in integration. The factors influencing the agricultural industry status of the city included the agricultural machinery，social economy and population structure. Thus，the countermeasures and suggestions were proposed，including improving the agricultural basic condition，innovating agricultural science and technology，adjusting population structure，establishing agricultural industry market system.